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Saturday, October 19, 2013

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AMC Cars Biography

Source(google.com.pk)

The AMC Gremlin is a two-door subcompact car produced in the United States, Canada and Mexico by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) and Vehículos Automotores Mexicanos.

The Gremlin was an economy car by 1970s U.S. standards. It served as a foundation for alternative fuels and power systems, including pure electric.

Designed by Bob Nixon from an idea by Richard A. Teague, the car was based on a shortened and adapted Hornet platform with a Kammback-type tail. Faster than other subcompacts of the time, it competed with the Chevrolet Vega and Ford Pinto, and also with imported cars including the Volkswagen Beetle and Toyota Corona. The manufacturer described it as "the first American-built import".

The Gremlin was introduced on 1 April 1970, and a total of 671,475 were built in its single generation (one chassis design) and also in only one body style.

A 2005 book described the Gremlin as a "bold and innovative" response to two imminent crises faced by the American automobile industry at the time of its design: reduced gasoline supplies, and an "alarming increase" in the sale of fuel-efficient imports.

The idea for the Gremlin began in 1966 when design chief at American Motors, Richard A. Teague, and stylist Bob Nixon discussed the possibility of a shortened version of AMC's compact car.[6] On an airline flight, Teague's solution, which he said he sketched on an air sickness bag was to truncate the tail of a Javelin. Bob Nixon joined AMC as a 23-year-old and did the first formal design sketches in 1967 for the car that was to be the Gremlin

Ford and General Motors were to launch new subcompact cars for 1971, but AMC did not have the financial resources to compete with an entirely new design. Teague's idea of using the pony car Javelin resulted in the AMX-GT concept, first shown at the New York International Auto Show in April 1968 This version did not go into production, but the AMX name was used from 1968 to 1970 on a shortened, two-seat sports car built from the Javelin.

1971 Gremlin X, 1972 Pinto Runabout, and 1973 Vega GT

1978 Gremlin X

Instead, Bob Nixon, AMC's future Chief of Design, designed the new subcompact based on the automaker's Hornet model, a compact car. The design reduced the wheelbase from 108 to 96 inches (2,743 to 2,438 mm) and the overall length from 179 to 161 in (4,547 to 4,089 mm), making the Gremlin two inches (50 mm) longer than the Volkswagen Beetle and shorter than the Ford Pinto and Chevrolet Vega.

Capitalizing on AMC's advantage as a small car producer, the Gremlin was introduced on 1 April 1970, and was rated a good buy at an economical price. The 6 April 1970 cover of Newsweek magazine featured a red Gremlin for its article, "Detroit Fights Back: The Gremlin". The car was available as a "base" two-seater with fixed back window, at a suggested retail price of $1,879 (US$11,295 in 2013 dollars, and as a four-seater hatchback with opening rear window, at $1,959 (US$11,776 in 2013 dollars.